Skip to main content

(CSS) Aural Style Sheets

Aural style sheets use a combination of speech synthesis and sound effects to make the user listen to information, instead of reading information.
Aural presentation can be used:
  • by blind people
  • to help users learning to read
  • to help users who have reading problems
  • for home entertainment
  • in the car
  • by print-impaired communities
The aural presentation converts the document to plain text and feed this to a screen reader (a program that reads all the characters on the screen).
An example of an Aural style sheet:
h1,h2,h3,h4
{
voice-family:male;
richness:80;
cue-before:url("beep.au")
}
The example above will make the speech synthesizer play a sound, then speak the headers in a very rich male voice.

CSS Aural Reference

The "CSS" column indicates in which CSS version the property is defined (CSS1 or CSS2).
Property Description Values CSS
azimuth Sets where the sound should come from angle
left-side
far-left
left
center-left
center
center-right
right
far-right
right-side
behind
leftwards
rightwards		 2
cue Sets the cue properties in one declaration cue-before
cue-after		 2
cue-after Specifies a sound to be played after speaking an element's content none
url		 2
cue-before Specifies a sound to be played before speaking an element's content none
url		 2
elevation Sets where the sound should come from angle
below
level
above
higher
lower 		 2
pause Sets the pause properties in one declaration pause-before
pause-after		 2
pause-after Specifies a pause after speaking an element's content time
%		 2
pause-before Specifies a pause before speaking an element's content time
%		 2
pitch Specifies the speaking voice frequency
x-low
low
medium
high
x-high 		 2
pitch-range Specifies the variation in the speaking voice. (Monotone voice or animated voice?) number 2
play-during Specifies a sound to be played while speaking an element's content auto
none
url
mix
repeat		 2
richness Specifies the richness of the speaking voice. (Rich voice or thin voice?) number 2
speak Specifies whether content will render aurally normal
none
spell-out		 2
speak-header Specifies how to handle table headers. Should the headers be spoken before every cell, or only before a cell with a different header than the previous cell always
once
 2
speak-numeral Specifies how to speak numbers digits
continuous		 2
speak-punctuation Specifies how to speak punctuation characters none
code		 2
speech-rate Specifies the speed of the speaking number
x-slow
slow
medium
fast
x-fast
faster
slower 		 2
stress Specifies the "stress" in the speaking voice number 2
voice-family Specifies the voice family of the speaking specific-voice
generic-voice		 2
volume Specifies the volume of the speaking number
%
silent
x-soft
soft
medium
loud
x-loud 		 2

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Toshiba Canada enters all-in-one PC market

Toshiba of Canada has thrown its hat into the all-in-one personal computer (PC) ring with the launch this week of the Toshiba DX730, a 23” all-in-one machine designed for users who want a large display and multimedia features in an environment where space is at a premium. It's Toshiba's first foray into this form factor, said Mini Saluja, national training manager with Toshiba of Canada, building on its experience in the laptop market. The DX730 has a 23” full HD multitouch display with a glossy black finish on an aluminum stand. It comes with a matching Bluetooth keyboard and mouse, and boasts Onkyo stereo speakers with Waves MaxxAudio sound processing. Two models of the DX730 will initially be available. The $899 model features a second-generation Intel Core i3 processor with 4GB of DDR3 memory, a 1TB 7200 RPM hard drive, a DVD SuperMulti Drive and HDMI in. For $1,049, you can move up to a model with an NVIDIA Geforce GT 540M processor and Intel Core i5, as we...
1 comment
Read more

Tropical storm Beryl makes landfall on US coast

The weather system was expected to continue dumping rain over parts of Florida and Georgia. Tropical Storm Beryl made landfall early Monday in northeast Florida, bringing drenching rains and driving winds to the southeastern U.S. coast, forecasters said. The National Hurricane Center in Miami reported that Beryl made landfall over Duval and northern St. John s counties, with near-hurricane-strength winds of 70 mph (113 kph). "There are strong rain bands that are rotating around the center of the storm..." forecaster Al Sandrik said in an audio statement on the NHC website. The weather system was expected to continue dumping rain over parts of Florida and Georgia on Monday. It was expected to weaken as it moves inland and become a tropical depression by Monday night. Tropical storm warnings were in effect for the entire Georgia coastline, as well as parts of Florida and South Carolina. Florida Gov. Rick Scott urged Florida residents in the affected areas to "stay alert ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Don't count on Russia to force out Assad: US senator

"This administration has a feckless foreign policy which abandons American leadership," McCain said. The U.S. can t count on Russia a major arms supplier to Syria to force President Bashar Assad from power, a U.S. senator said Sunday, blaming President Barack Obama for embracing a "feckless" foreign policy and punting tough decisions until after the November election. It was a particularly sharp rebuke for Sen. John McCain, who as a longtime critic of Obama s foreign policy hasn t pulled many punches. As the top Republican on the Senate Armed Services Committee, McCain s viewpoint on complex world events often finds its way into Republican election-year talking points. "This administration has a feckless foreign policy which abandons American leadership," McCain told "Fox News Sunday." "What the conclusion you can draw is that this president wants to kick the can down the road on all of these issues until after the election ... it s really...
Post a Comment
Read more